I always needed time on my ownI never thought I'd need you there when I cryAnd the days feel like years when I'm aloneAnd the bed where you lieis made up on your side
When you walk awayI count the steps that you takeDo you see how much I need you right now?
When you're goneThe pieces of my heart are missing youWhen you're goneThe face I came to know is missing tooWhen you're goneAll the words I need to hear to always get me through the dayAnd make it OKI miss you
I've never felt this way beforeEverything that I doReminds me of youAnd the clothes you leftthey lie on my floorAnd they smell just like youI love the things that you do
When you walk awayI count the steps that you takeDo you see how much I need you right now?
When you're goneThe pieces of my heart are missing youWhen you're goneThe face I came to know is missing tooAnd when you're goneThe words I need to hear to always get me through the dayAnd make it OKI miss you
We were made for each otherOut here foreverI know we wereYeah Yeah
All I ever wanted was for you to knowEverything I do I give my heart and soulI can hardly breathe, I need to feel you here with meYeah
When you're goneThe pieces of my heart are missing youWhen you're goneThe face I came to know is missing tooWhen you're goneThe words I need to hear will always get me through the dayAnd make it OKI miss you
Selasa, 30 Juni 2015
Senin, 23 Maret 2015
Aplikasi Larutan Penyangga Dalam Analisis Kimia
Larutan penyangga sangat penting dalam kehidupan; misalnya dalam
analisis kimia, biokimia, bakteriologi, zat warna, fotografi, dan
industri kulit. Dalam bidang biokimia, kultur jaringan dan bakteri
mengalami proses yang sangat sensitif terhadap perubahan pH. Darah dalam
tubuh manusia mempunyai kisaran pH 7,35 sampai 7,45, dan apabila pH
darah manusia di atas 7,8 akan menyebabkan organ tubuh manusia dapat
rusak, sehingga harus dijaga kisaran pHnya dengan larutan penyangga.
Larutan buffer diperlukan untuk menjaga pH yang tepat untuk enzim dalam banyak organisme untuk bekerja. Banyak enzim bekerja hanya pada kondisi sangat tepat; bila pH bergerak ke luar dari rentang yang sempit, maka kerja enzim melambat atau bahkan berhenti dan dapat mengalami denaturasi atau kehilangan sifat alaminya. Dalam banyak kasus denaturasi dapat melumpuh-kan aktivitas katalitiknya secara permanen. Buffer asam karbonat (H2CO3) dan bikarbonat (HCO3−) terdapat dalam plasma darah, untuk mempertahankan pH antara 7,35 dan 7,45.
Secara industri, larutan buffer digunakan dalam proses fermentasi dan dalam pengaturan kondisi yang tepat untuk bahan pewarna yang digunakan di pabrik pewarnaan. Larutan buffer juga digunakan dalam analisis kimia dan kalibrasi pH meter. Mayoritas sampel biologi yang digunakan dalam riset dibuat dengan buffer, terutama air asin yang dibufferkan dengan fosfat (PBS) pada pH 7,4.
a. Penyangga Karbonat
Penyangga karbonat berasal dari campuran asam karbonat (H 2 CO 3 ) dengan basa konjugasi bikarbonat (HCO 3 ).
H 2 CO 3 (aq) –> HCO 3(aq) + H + (aq)
Penyangga karbonat sangat berperan penting dalam mengontrol pH darah. Pelari maraton dapat mengalami kondisi asidosis, yaitu penurunan pH darah yang disebabkan oleh metabolisme yang tinggi sehingga meningkatkan produksi ion bikarbonat. Kondisi asidosis ini dapat mengakibatkan penyakit jantung, ginjal, diabetes miletus (penyakit gula) dan diare. Orang yang mendaki gunung tanpa oksigen tambahan dapat menderita alkalosis, yaitu peningkatan pH darah. Kadar oksigen yang sedikit di gunung dapat membuat para pendaki bernafas lebih cepat, sehingga gas karbondioksida yang dilepas terlalu banyak, padahal CO 2 dapat larut dalam air menghasilkan H 2 CO 3 . Hal ini mengakibatkan pH darah akan naik. Kondisi alkalosis dapat mengakibatkan hiperventilasi (bernafas terlalu berlebihan, kadang-kadang karena cemas dan histeris).
b. Penyangga Hemoglobin
Pada darah, terdapat hemoglobin yang dapat mengikat oksigen untuk selanjutnya dibawa ke seluruh sel tubuh. Reaksi kesetimbangan dari larutan penyangga oksi hemoglobin adalah:
HHb + O 2 (g) « HbO 2 - + H +
Asam hemoglobin ion aksi hemoglobin
Keberadaan oksigen pada reaksi di atas dapat memengaruhi konsentrasi ion H +, sehingga pH darah juga dipengaruhi olehnya. Pada reaksi di atas O 2 bersifat basa. Hemoglobin yang telah melepaskan O 2 dapat mengikat H + dan membentuk asam hemoglobin. Sehingga ion H + yang dilepaskan pada peruraian H 2 CO 3 merupakan asam yang diproduksi oleh CO 2 yang terlarut dalam air saat metabolisme.
c. Penyangga Fosfat
Pada cairan intra sel, kehadiran penyangga fosfat sangat penting dalam mengatur pH darah. Penyangga ini berasal dari campuran dihidrogen fosfat (H 2 PO 4 - ) dengan monohidrogen fosfat (HPO 3 2- ).
H 2 PO 4 - (aq) + H + (aq) –> H 2 PO 4(aq)
H 2 PO 4 – (aq) + OH - (aq) –> HPO 4 2- (aq) ) + H 2 O (aq)
Penyangga fosfat dapat mempertahankan pH darah 7,4. Penyangga di luar sel hanya sedikit jumlahnya, tetapi sangat penting untuk larutan penyangga urin.
2. Air Ludah sebagai Larutan Penyangga
Gigi dapat larut jika dimasukkan pada larutan asam yang kuat. Email gigi yang rusak dapat menyebabkan kuman masuk ke dalam gigi. Air ludah dapat mempertahankan pH pada mulut sekitar 6,8. Air liur mengandung larutan penyangga fosfat yang dapat menetralisir asam yang terbentuk dari fermentasi sisa-sisa makanan.
3. Menjaga keseimbangan pH tanaman.
Suatu metode penanaman dengan media selain tanah, biasanya ikerjakan dalam kamar kaca dengan menggunakan mendium air yang berisi zat hara, disebut dengan hidroponik . Setiap tanaman memiliki pH tertentu agar dapat tumbuh dengan baik. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan larutan penyangga agar pH dapat dijaga.
4. Larutan Penyangga pada Obat-Obatan
Asam asetilsalisilat merupakan komponen utama dari tablet aspirin, merupakan obat penghilang rasa nyeri. Adanya asam pada aspirin dapat menyebabkan perubahan pH pada perut. Perubahan pH ini mengakibakan pembentukan hormon, untuk merangsang penggumpalan darah, terhambat; sehingga pendarahan tidak dapat dihindarkan. Oleh karena itu, pada aspirin ditambahkan MgO yang dapat mentransfer kelebihan asam.
Larutan buffer diperlukan untuk menjaga pH yang tepat untuk enzim dalam banyak organisme untuk bekerja. Banyak enzim bekerja hanya pada kondisi sangat tepat; bila pH bergerak ke luar dari rentang yang sempit, maka kerja enzim melambat atau bahkan berhenti dan dapat mengalami denaturasi atau kehilangan sifat alaminya. Dalam banyak kasus denaturasi dapat melumpuh-kan aktivitas katalitiknya secara permanen. Buffer asam karbonat (H2CO3) dan bikarbonat (HCO3−) terdapat dalam plasma darah, untuk mempertahankan pH antara 7,35 dan 7,45.
Secara industri, larutan buffer digunakan dalam proses fermentasi dan dalam pengaturan kondisi yang tepat untuk bahan pewarna yang digunakan di pabrik pewarnaan. Larutan buffer juga digunakan dalam analisis kimia dan kalibrasi pH meter. Mayoritas sampel biologi yang digunakan dalam riset dibuat dengan buffer, terutama air asin yang dibufferkan dengan fosfat (PBS) pada pH 7,4.
- Darah Sebagai Larutan Penyangga
a. Penyangga Karbonat
Penyangga karbonat berasal dari campuran asam karbonat (H 2 CO 3 ) dengan basa konjugasi bikarbonat (HCO 3 ).
H 2 CO 3 (aq) –> HCO 3(aq) + H + (aq)
Penyangga karbonat sangat berperan penting dalam mengontrol pH darah. Pelari maraton dapat mengalami kondisi asidosis, yaitu penurunan pH darah yang disebabkan oleh metabolisme yang tinggi sehingga meningkatkan produksi ion bikarbonat. Kondisi asidosis ini dapat mengakibatkan penyakit jantung, ginjal, diabetes miletus (penyakit gula) dan diare. Orang yang mendaki gunung tanpa oksigen tambahan dapat menderita alkalosis, yaitu peningkatan pH darah. Kadar oksigen yang sedikit di gunung dapat membuat para pendaki bernafas lebih cepat, sehingga gas karbondioksida yang dilepas terlalu banyak, padahal CO 2 dapat larut dalam air menghasilkan H 2 CO 3 . Hal ini mengakibatkan pH darah akan naik. Kondisi alkalosis dapat mengakibatkan hiperventilasi (bernafas terlalu berlebihan, kadang-kadang karena cemas dan histeris).
b. Penyangga Hemoglobin
Pada darah, terdapat hemoglobin yang dapat mengikat oksigen untuk selanjutnya dibawa ke seluruh sel tubuh. Reaksi kesetimbangan dari larutan penyangga oksi hemoglobin adalah:
HHb + O 2 (g) « HbO 2 - + H +
Asam hemoglobin ion aksi hemoglobin
Keberadaan oksigen pada reaksi di atas dapat memengaruhi konsentrasi ion H +, sehingga pH darah juga dipengaruhi olehnya. Pada reaksi di atas O 2 bersifat basa. Hemoglobin yang telah melepaskan O 2 dapat mengikat H + dan membentuk asam hemoglobin. Sehingga ion H + yang dilepaskan pada peruraian H 2 CO 3 merupakan asam yang diproduksi oleh CO 2 yang terlarut dalam air saat metabolisme.
c. Penyangga Fosfat
Pada cairan intra sel, kehadiran penyangga fosfat sangat penting dalam mengatur pH darah. Penyangga ini berasal dari campuran dihidrogen fosfat (H 2 PO 4 - ) dengan monohidrogen fosfat (HPO 3 2- ).
H 2 PO 4 - (aq) + H + (aq) –> H 2 PO 4(aq)
H 2 PO 4 – (aq) + OH - (aq) –> HPO 4 2- (aq) ) + H 2 O (aq)
Penyangga fosfat dapat mempertahankan pH darah 7,4. Penyangga di luar sel hanya sedikit jumlahnya, tetapi sangat penting untuk larutan penyangga urin.
2. Air Ludah sebagai Larutan Penyangga
Gigi dapat larut jika dimasukkan pada larutan asam yang kuat. Email gigi yang rusak dapat menyebabkan kuman masuk ke dalam gigi. Air ludah dapat mempertahankan pH pada mulut sekitar 6,8. Air liur mengandung larutan penyangga fosfat yang dapat menetralisir asam yang terbentuk dari fermentasi sisa-sisa makanan.
3. Menjaga keseimbangan pH tanaman.
Suatu metode penanaman dengan media selain tanah, biasanya ikerjakan dalam kamar kaca dengan menggunakan mendium air yang berisi zat hara, disebut dengan hidroponik . Setiap tanaman memiliki pH tertentu agar dapat tumbuh dengan baik. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan larutan penyangga agar pH dapat dijaga.
4. Larutan Penyangga pada Obat-Obatan
Asam asetilsalisilat merupakan komponen utama dari tablet aspirin, merupakan obat penghilang rasa nyeri. Adanya asam pada aspirin dapat menyebabkan perubahan pH pada perut. Perubahan pH ini mengakibakan pembentukan hormon, untuk merangsang penggumpalan darah, terhambat; sehingga pendarahan tidak dapat dihindarkan. Oleh karena itu, pada aspirin ditambahkan MgO yang dapat mentransfer kelebihan asam.
Rabu, 21 Januari 2015
One Direction - Night Changes
Going out tonight
Changes into something red
Her mother doesn’t like that kind of dress
Everything she never had, she’s showing off
Driving too fast
Moon is breaking through her hair
She’s heading for something that she won’t forget
Having no regrets is all that she really wants
We’re getting only older baby
And I’ve been thinking about it lately
Does it ever drive you crazy
Just how fast the night changes?
Everything that you’ve ever dreamed of
Disappearing when you wake up
But there’s nothing to be afraid of
Even when the night changes
It will never change me and you
Moving too fast
We’re getting only older baby
And I’ve been thinking about it lately
Does it ever drive you crazy
Just how fast the night changes?
Everything that you’ve ever dreamed of
Disappearing when you wake up
But there’s nothing to be afraid of
Even when the night changes
It will never change me and you
Going out tonight
Changes into something red
Her mother doesn’t like that kind of dress
Reminds her of the missing piece of innocence she lost
We’re getting only older baby
And I’ve been thinking about it lately
Does it ever drive you crazy
Just how fast the night changes?
Everything that you’ve ever dreamed of
Disappearing when you wake up
But there’s nothing to be afraid of
Even when the night changes
It will never change me and you
Changes into something red
Her mother doesn’t like that kind of dress
Everything she never had, she’s showing off
Driving too fast
Moon is breaking through her hair
She’s heading for something that she won’t forget
Having no regrets is all that she really wants
We’re getting only older baby
And I’ve been thinking about it lately
Does it ever drive you crazy
Just how fast the night changes?
Everything that you’ve ever dreamed of
Disappearing when you wake up
But there’s nothing to be afraid of
Even when the night changes
It will never change me and you
Chasing it tonight
Doubts are running around her head
He’s waiting, hides behind a cigarette
Heart is beating loud and she doesn’t want it to stop
Moving too fast
Moon is lighting up her skin
She’s falling, doesn’t even know it yet
Having no regrets is all that she really wants
We’re getting only older baby
And I’ve been thinking about it lately
Does it ever drive you crazy
Just how fast the night changes?
Everything that you’ve ever dreamed of
Disappearing when you wake up
But there’s nothing to be afraid of
Even when the night changes
It will never change me and you
Going out tonight
Changes into something red
Her mother doesn’t like that kind of dress
Reminds her of the missing piece of innocence she lost
We’re getting only older baby
And I’ve been thinking about it lately
Does it ever drive you crazy
Just how fast the night changes?
Everything that you’ve ever dreamed of
Disappearing when you wake up
But there’s nothing to be afraid of
Even when the night changes
It will never change me and you
It will never change, baby
It will never change, baby
It will never change me and you
It will never change, baby
It will never change me and you
Jumat, 24 Oktober 2014
Steal My Girl - One Direction
She's been my queen since we were sixteen
We want the same things, we dream the same dreams, alright
(Alright)
We want the same things, we dream the same dreams, alright
(Alright)
I got it all 'cause she is the one
Her mum calls me 'love', her dad calls me 'son', alright
(Alright)
Her mum calls me 'love', her dad calls me 'son', alright
(Alright)
I know, I know, I know for sure
Everybody wanna steal my girl
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wanna steal my girl
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Na na na na na na (oh, yeah)
Na na na na na na (alright)
Na na na na na na
Na na
Na na na na na na
Na na
She belongs to me
Kisses like cream, her walk is so mean
And every jaw drops when she's in those jeans, alright
(Alright)
And every jaw drops when she's in those jeans, alright
(Alright)
I don't exist if I don't have her
The sun doesn't shine, the world doesn't turn, alright
(Alright)
The sun doesn't shine, the world doesn't turn, alright
(Alright)
But I know, I know, I know for sure
Everybody wanna steal my girl
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wanna steal my girl
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Na na na na na na (Oh, yeah)
Na na na na na na (Alright)
Na na na na na na
Na na na na na na
Na na na na na na (Alright)
Na na na na na na
Na na na na na na
She knows, she knows
That I never let her down before
That I never let her down before
She knows, she knows
That I'm never gonna let another take her love from me now
Everybody wants to steal my girl
Everybody wants to take her love away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Well, find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wants to take her love away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Well, find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wanna steal my girl
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Everybody wanna take her heart away
Couple billion in the whole wide world
Find another one 'cause she belongs to me
Na na na na na na (Oh, yeah, alright, yeah)
Na na na na na na (Alright)
Na na na na na na
Na na
Na na na na na na (Alright)
Na na na na na na
Na na
She belongs to me
Na na na na na na (Oh, yeah) (She belongs to me, yeah)
Na na na na na na (Alright)
Na na na na na na
Na na na na na na (Alright)
Na na na na na na
She belongs to me
Jumat, 18 April 2014
One Direction - Midnight Memories
Straight out of the plane to a new hotel
Just touched down, you could never tell
Big house party with a crowded kitchen
People talk shh but we don't listen
Tell me that I'm wrong but I do what I think
Way too many people in the Adison Lane
Now I'm in the age where
I know what I need, oh wow
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby you and me
Storming in the street
Singing, singing, singing, singing
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby where we go?
Never say no
Just do it, do it, do it, do it
5 foot something with the skinny jeans
Don't look bad, baby follow me
I don't know where I'm going but I'm finding my way
Same old shh but a different day
Tell me that I'm wrong but I do what I think
Way too many people in the Adison Lane
Now I'm in the age where I know what I need, oh wow
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby you and me
Storming in the street
Singing, singing, singing, singing
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby where we go?
Never say no
Just do it, do it, do it, do it
You and me and all our friends
I don't care how much we spend
Baby this is what the night is, oh, oh, oh
I know nothing's making sense
For tonight left death with them
I don't wanna stop till get me oh
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby you and me
Storming in the street
Singing, singing, singing, singing
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby where we go?
Never say no
Just do it, do it, do it, do it
Just touched down, you could never tell
Big house party with a crowded kitchen
People talk shh but we don't listen
Tell me that I'm wrong but I do what I think
Way too many people in the Adison Lane
Now I'm in the age where
I know what I need, oh wow
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby you and me
Storming in the street
Singing, singing, singing, singing
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby where we go?
Never say no
Just do it, do it, do it, do it
5 foot something with the skinny jeans
Don't look bad, baby follow me
I don't know where I'm going but I'm finding my way
Same old shh but a different day
Tell me that I'm wrong but I do what I think
Way too many people in the Adison Lane
Now I'm in the age where I know what I need, oh wow
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby you and me
Storming in the street
Singing, singing, singing, singing
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby where we go?
Never say no
Just do it, do it, do it, do it
You and me and all our friends
I don't care how much we spend
Baby this is what the night is, oh, oh, oh
I know nothing's making sense
For tonight left death with them
I don't wanna stop till get me oh
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby you and me
Storming in the street
Singing, singing, singing, singing
Midnight memories, oh oh oh
Baby where we go?
Never say no
Just do it, do it, do it, do it
Minggu, 09 Maret 2014
One Dicertion - Midnight Memories Album
Midnight Memories adalah album studio ketiga boy band asal Inggris-Irlandia, One Direction, yang dirilis pada tanggal 25 November 2013 oleh Sony Music Entertainment.
Daftar trek
| No. | Judul | Pencipta | Produser | Durasi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Best Song Ever" |
|
Bunetta | 3:22 | |
| 2. | "Story of My Life" |
|
Bunetta | 3:05 | |
| 3. | "Diana" | Scott | 2:55 | ||
| 4. | "Midnight Memories" | Scott | 2:50 | ||
| 5. | "You & I" |
|
|
3:10 | |
| 6. | "Don't Forget Where You Belong" |
|
Jones | 3:01 | |
| 7. | "Strong" | Scott | 2:52 | ||
| 8. | "Happily" | 2:36 | |||
| 9. | "Right Now" |
|
Robson | 3:32 | |
| 10. | "Little Black Dress" | 3:45 | |||
| 11. | "Through the Dark" | Scott | 2:59 | ||
| 12. | "Something Great" | 3:15 | |||
| 13. | "Little White Lies" | 3:22 | |||
| 14. | "Better Than Words" | Scott | 3:07 |
Sabtu, 08 Maret 2014
One Direction - They Don't Know About Us
People say we shouldn’t be together
We're too young to know about forever
But I say they don’t know what they're talk-talk-talkin’ about (talk-talk-talkin’ about)
Cause this love is only getting stronger
So I don’t wanna wait any longer
I just wanna tell the world that you're mine girl
Oh
They don’t know about the things we do
They don’t know about the "I love you"’s
But I bet you if they only knew (they don't know)
They would just be jealous of us,
They don’t know about the up all nights
They don’t know I've waited all my life
Just to find a love that feels this right
Baby they don’t know about, they don’t know about us
One touch and I was a believer
Every kiss it gets a little sweeter
It’s getting better
Keeps getting better all the time girl
They don’t know about the things we do
They don’t know about the "I love you"’s
But I bet you if they only knew (they don't know)
They would just be jealous of us,
They don’t know about the up all nights
They don’t know I've waited all my life
Just to find a love that feels this right
Baby they don’t know about, they don’t know about us
They don’t know how special you are
They don’t know what you’ve done to my heart
They can say anything they want'
Cause they don’t know us
They don’t know what we do best
It's between me and you, our little secret
But I wanna tell 'emI wanna tell the world that you're mine girl
They don’t know about the things we do
They don’t know about the "I love you"’s (I love you)
But I bet you if they only knew (if they only knew)
They would just be jealous of us (they would just be jealous of us),
They don’t know about the up all nights
They don’t know I've waited all my life
Just to find a love that feels this right (feels so right)
Baby they don’t know about, they don’t know about us
They don’t know about the things we do
They don’t know about the "I love you"’s
But I bet you if they only knew
They would just be jealous of us,
They don’t know about the up all nights
They don’t know I've waited all my life
Just to find a love that feels this right
Baby they don’t know about, they don’t know about us
They don’t know about us
They don’t know about us
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